Stalin photographed ca. 1942
General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union The General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union was the title synonymous with leader of the Soviet Union after Joseph Stalin's consolidation of power in the 1920s
Premier of the Soviet Union Premier of the Soviet Union is the commonly used English term for the offices of Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR (1923-1946) and Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (Председатель Совета Министров СССР; Predsedatel' Soveta Ministrov SSSR) (1946-1991), who was the head of
Joseph Stalin (born Iosef Besarionis dze Jughashvili, Georgian: Georgian is the native tongue of the Georgians and the official language of Georgia, a country in the Caucasus იოსებ ბესრიონის ძე ჯუღაშვილი – 18 December 1878[1] – 5 March 1953) was the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union The General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union was the title synonymous with leader of the Soviet Union after Joseph Stalin's consolidation of power in the 1920s's Central Committee from 1922 until his death in 1953. In the years following Lenin's Vladimir Ilyich Lenin (22 April 1870 – 21 January 1924), born Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov and commonly known by the names V. I. Lenin or simply Lenin, was a Russian revolutionary, Bolshevik leader, communist politician, principal leader of the October Revolution and the first head of the Soviet Union. In 1998, he was named by Time magazine as one of death in 1924, he rose to become the leader of the Soviet Union The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , occasionally called the United Soviet Socialist Republic, was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. The name is a translation of the Russian: Союз Советских Социалистических Республик (help·info), tr. Soyuz Sovetskikh.
Stalin launched a command economy A command economy or directed economy is an economic system in which the government or workers' councils manages the economy. It is an economic system in which the central government makes all decisions on the production and consumption of goods and services. Its most extensive form is referred to as a command economy, centrally planned economy,, replacing the New Economic Policy The New Economic Policy (Russian: Новая экономическая политика - Novaya Ekonomicheskaya Politika or НЭП) was an economic policy proposed by Vladimir Lenin to prevent the Russian economy from collapsing. Allowing some private ventures, the NEP allowed small businesses or shops, for instance, to reopen for private profit of the 1920s with Five-Year Plans The Five-Year Plans for the National Economy of the USSR were a series of nation-wide centralized exercises in rapid economic development in the Soviet Union. The plans were developed by the Gosplan based on the Theory of Productive Forces that was part of the general guidelines of the Communist Party for economic development. Fulfilling the plan and launching a period of rapid industrialization Industrialization is the process of social and economic change whereby a human group is transformed from a pre-industrial society into an industrial one. It is a part of a wider modernization process, where social change and economic development are closely related with technological innovation, particularly with the development of large-scale and economic collectivization Collectivization in the Soviet Union was a policy pursued under Stalin between 1928 and 1940. The goal of this policy was to consolidate individual land and labour into collective farms . The Soviet leadership was confident that the replacement of individual peasant farms by kolkhozy would immediately increase the food supply for urban populations,. The upheaval in the agricultural sector disrupted food production, resulting in widespread famine Droughts and famines in Russia and the USSR tended to occur on a fairly regular basis, with famine occurring every 10-13 years and droughts every 5-7 years. Golubev and Dronin distinguish three types of drought according to productive areas vulnerable to droughts: Central , and Central Chernozem Region), Southern (Volga and Volga-Vyatka area ,, such as the genocidal Soviet famine of 1932-1933, known in Ukraine Ukraine /juːˈkreɪn/ (Ukrainian: Україна, transliterated: Ukrayina, [ukrɑˈjinɑ]) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by Russia to the east; Belarus to the north; Poland, Slovakia, and Hungary to the west; Romania and Moldova to the southwest; and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south. The city of Kiev (Kyiv) is both the as the Holodomor The Holodomor refers to the famine of 1932–1933 in the Ukrainian SSR during which millions of people were starved to death because of the Soviet policies that forced farmers into collective farms. The Holodomor is considered one of the greatest national calamities to affect the Ukrainian nation in modern history. Millions of inhabitants of.[2]
During the late 1930s, Stalin launched the (also known as the "Great Terror"), a campaign to purge of people accused of corruption or treachery; he extended it to the military and other sectors of Soviet society. Targets were often executed, imprisoned in Gulag labor camps The Gulag or GULAG was the government agency that administered the penal labour camps of the Soviet Union. Gulag is the Russian acronym for The Chief Administration of Corrective Labor Camps and Colonies of the NKVD. Eventually, by metonymy, the usage of "Gulag" began generally denoting the entire penal labor system in the USSR, then any or exiled. In the years following, millions of ethnic minorities A minority is a sociological group that does not constitute a politically dominant voting majority of the total population of a given society. A sociological minority is not necessarily a numerical minority — it may include any group that is subnormal with respect to a dominant group in terms of social status, education, employment, wealth and were also deported Population transfer in the Soviet Union may be classified into the following broad categories: deportations of "anti-Soviet" categories of population, often classified as "enemies of workers", deportations of nationalities, labor force transfer, and organized migrations in opposite directions to fill the ethnically cleansed.[3][4]
In 1939, the Soviet Union under Stalin signed a non-aggression pact with Nazi Germany The Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, colloquially named after Soviet foreign minister Vyacheslav Molotov and German foreign minister Joachim von Ribbentrop, was an agreement officially titled the "Treaty of Non-aggression between the Third German Reich and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics" and signed in Moscow in the early hours of, followed by a Soviet invasion of Poland The 1939 Soviet invasion of Poland was a military operation that started without a formal declaration of war on 17 September 1939, during the early stages of World War II, sixteen days after the beginning of the Nazi German attack on Poland. It ended in a decisive victory for the Soviet Union's Red Army, Finland The Winter War began when the Soviet Union attacked Finland on 30 November 1939, three months after the invasion of Poland by Germany (and later USSR) and the start of World War II. Because the attack was judged as illegal, the Soviet Union was expelled from the League of Nations on 14 December. Russian historians prefer the name Soviet–Finnish, the Baltics The occupation of the Baltic states is the period in the history of the Baltic States which started with the military occupation [nb 1] and annexation by the Soviet Union in 1939 and ended with the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 and re-establishment of the independent and democratic Baltic states. During this period Baltic states were, Bessarabia Bessarabia is a historical term for the geographic entity in Eastern Europe bounded by the Dniester River on the east and the Prut River on the west. This was the name by which Imperial Russia designated the eastern part of the principality of Moldavia, ceded by the Ottoman Empire (to which Moldavia was a vassal) to Russia in the aftermath of the and northern Bukovina Bukovina is a historical region on the northern slopes of the northeastern Carpathian Mountains and the adjoining plains. It is currently split between Romania and Ukraine. After Germany violated the pact Operation Barbarossa was the code name for Nazi Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union during World War II that commenced on 22 June 1941. Over 4.5 million troops of the Axis powers invaded the USSR along a 2,900 kilometer front (1800 miles). The planning for Operation Barbarossa started on 18 December 1940; the secret preparations and the in 1941, the Soviet Union joined the Allies to play a large role in the Axis defeat The Eastern Front of World War II (German: die Ostfront 1941–1945 , der Rußlandfeldzug 1941–1945 or der Ostfeldzug 1941-1945 (Eastern Campaign)) was a theatre of war between the European Axis powers, Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, Hungary, Romania, Slovakia, Croatia and Finland (not an Axis member) and the Soviet Union which encompassed central, at the cost of the largest death toll World War II was the deadliest military conflict in history. Tens of millions were killed. The tables below give a detailed country-by-country count of human losses for any country in the war. Thereafter, contradicting statements at allied conferences The Yalta Conference, sometimes called the Crimea Conference and codenamed the Argonaut Conference, was the wartime meeting from 4 February 1945 to 11 February 1945 among the heads of government of the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union—President Franklin D. Roosevelt, Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Josef Stalin,, Stalin installed communist governments in most of Eastern Europe, forming the Eastern bloc Communist governments were initially installed in a Bloc politics process that included extensive political and media controls, along with a Soviet approach to restricting emigration. Events such as the Tito-Stalin split and Berlin Blockade prompted stricter control. While the Bloc persisted through revolts, such as the Hungarian Revolution and, behind what was referred to as an "Iron Curtain The Iron Curtain symbolized the ideological and physical boundary dividing Europe into two separate areas from the end of World War II in 1945 until the end of the Cold War in 1991. On either side of the Iron Curtain, states developed their own international economic and military alliances:" of Soviet rule. This launched the long period of antagonism known as the Cold War The Cold War was the continuing state of conflict, tension, and competition that existed after World War II. On one side were the Soviet Union and its satellites, and on the other were the powers of the Western world under the leadership of the United States. The Cold War began in the mid-1940s and lasted into the early 1990s. Throughout this.
Stalin's careful control of the media helped him to foster a cult of personality A cult of personality arises when a country's leader uses mass media to create a heroic public image, often through unquestioning flattery and praise. Cults of personality are often found in dictatorships and Stalinist type governments. However, after his death his successor, Nikita Khrushchev Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev (15 April 1894 – 11 September 1971) was a leader of the Soviet Union, serving as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964, following the death of Joseph Stalin, and Chairman of the Council of Ministers from 1958 to 1964. Khrushchev was responsible for the partial de-, denounced his legacy, initiating the period known as de-Stalinization De-Stalinization refers to the process of eliminating the cult of personality and Stalinist political system created by Soviet leader Joseph Stalin.
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Q. The 8 stages of genocide are:Classification,Symbol ... Dehumanization, Organization, Polarization, Preparation, Extermination, and Denial.
Asked by Peter L - Thu Feb 28 09:45:18 2008 - - 1 Answers - 0 Comments
A. You should be able to find examples of all those in the article at this link.
Answered by lowerbearville - Sun Mar 2 10:00:12 2008
